duplication of code | a kind of reuse | because it increases the total volume of code and means that if you change the code in one place, then you might forget to change the code in the other places | creating a separate method that has the common code, and calling it from the original location and any other needed locations | practice | Programming Style Guidelines | when there are two or more occurrences of the same or similar code in the system, any changes made (e.g. to fix defects) will have to be made in all clones | cloning |