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exothermic fusion process comparison table |
Subject | has location | has optimum density | has reactant | has part product | has minimum mass | has product | has duration | has definition | has optimum temperature | requires minimum mass at star birth | has next higher temperature reaction |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
carbon burning | center of star heavier than 4 solar masses | 2 × 105 g cm-13 | carbon | neon, magnesium | 600 years | The stage when a star fuses carbon into heavier elements, making neon and magnesium. Carbon burning eventually occurs in all stars born with more than eight solar masses. | 6 × 108 K | 8 solar masses | |||
helium burning | 700 g/cm3 | helium | carbon | carbon, oxygen | 5 × 105 years | The stage when a star fuses helium into carbon and oxygen. All stars born with more than half a solar mass eventually burn helium. | 2 × 108 K | 0.5 solar masses | carbon burning | ||
hydrogen burning | hydrogen | 0.08 solar masses | helium | The fusion of hydrogen into helium and the process by which all main-sequence stars generate energy. Every star born with more than 0.08 solar masses burns hydrogen. | helium burning | ||||||
neon burning | center of star heavier than 9 solar masses | 4 × 106 g cm-3 | neon | oxygen, magnesium | 1 year | The stage in which a star burns neon into oxygen and magnesium. | 1.2 × 109 K | ||||
oxygen burning | 107 g cm-3 | oxygen | silicon, sulfur | 6 months | The stage when a star fuses oxygen into silicon and sulfur. It occurs only in stars born with over eight solar masses. | 1.5 × 109 K | 8 solar masses | ||||
silicon burning | 3 × 107 g cm-3 | silicon involved in many hundreds of nuclear reactions | iron 56 | 1 day | The end of the line for a high-mass star, silicon burning creates iron and other elements of similar mass and presages a supernova. | 2.7 × 109 K |
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