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physical object > natural object > particle > element > column grouped element > halogen > fluorine > fluorine 18

fluorine 18 (18F)
subject			fact

fluorine 18	has symbol 18F
	has nuclear spin I = 1+ h/2π
	has decay mode β+ EC (1.655 Mev) 97%
	has decay mode no γ
	has half life 1.83 hours
	has number of nucleons 18
	has number of neutrons 9
	has atomic mass 18.000937
	has uses research
	has uses medical diagnosis
	is an instance of fluorine
fluorine	has lethal intake 5 - 25 g NaF
	has lethal intake 52 mg kg-1 NaF ingestion for rat
	has lethal intake 185 p.p.m. for 1 hour F2 inhalation for rat
	has lethal intake 5 - 25 g NaF
	has reserves 123 × 106 tonnes
	has main mining area Canada, USA, UK, Russia, Mexico, Italy
	has mineral apatite, cryolite, fluorite
	has neutron scattering length 0.5654 × 10-12 cm
	has electron affinity 328 kJ mol-1 from F to F-
	has toxic intake 250 mg NaF
	has van der Waals radii 135 pm
	has covalent radii 58 pm
	has thermal neutron capture cross section 0.0096 barns
	has longest lived isotope fluorine 19
	has isotope mass range 17 to 23
	has number of isotopes 7 including nuclear isomers
	has pronunciation floor-een
	has name origin fluere = to flow from Latin
	has discovery location Paris, France
	has abundance 3.63 × 104 in Sun relative to H = 1 × 1012
	has abundance 950 p.p.m. in Earth's crust
	has abundance 1.0 × 10-4 p.p.m. in Atlantic surface seawater
	has abundance 0.96 × 10-4 p.p.m. in deep Atlantic seawater
	has abundance 1.0 × 10-4 p.p.m. in Pacific surface seawater
	has abundance 0.4 × 10-4 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater
	has specimen not available for sale as pure gas because it is too reactive and dangerous
	has world production 2400 tonnes year-1 for gas (F2)
	has world production 4.7 × 106 tonnes year-1 for fluorite (CaF2)
	has chief source fluorite
	has mass absorption coefficient 16.4 cm2 g-1 for CuKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has mass absorption coefficient 1.80 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has space group C2/m for α-F2
	has space group Pm3n for β-F2
	has crystal cell dimension a = 550, b = 328, c = 728 pm, β = 102.17 deg for α-F2
	has crystal cell dimension a = 667 pm for β-F2
	has crystal type monoclinic for α-F2
	has crystal type cubic for β-F2
	has atomic emission line 685.603 nm for F I (strong)
	has atomic emission line 690.248 nm for F I
	has atomic emission line 703.747 nm for F I
	has atomic emission line 712.789 nm for F I
	has term symbol 2P3/2 in ground state
	has electron configuration [He]2s22p5 in ground state
	has mass of element in person 2.6 g for a 70 kg average person
	has daily dietary intake 0.3 - 0.5 mg
	has level in humans 0.5 mg dm-3 in blood
	has level in humans 2000 - 12000 p.p.m. in bone
	has level in humans 0.22 - 7 p.p.m. in liver
	has level in humans 0.05 p.p.m. in muscle
	has hazard gas is highly corrosive and toxic, low concentration exposure can cause eye and lung irritation
	has hazard metal florides are very toxic
	has hazard organic fluorides are often quite harmless
	has biological role essential in trace quantities for mammals, including humans, in the form of fluoride (F-)
	has thermal conductivity 0.0248 W m-1 K-1 at 273 K
	has thermal conductivity 0.0279 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K
	has molar volume 18.05 cm3
	has heat capacity 31.30 J K-1 mol-1 for molecular gas (F2) at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat capacity 22.744 J K-1 mol-1 for atomic gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat of vaporization 6.548 kJ mol-1
	has heat of fusion 5.10 kJ mol-1
	has boiling point 85.01 K
	has melting point 53.53 K
	has electronegativity 3.98 Pauling
	has relative atomic mass 18.9984032 in units of 12C = 12.000
has ionic radii 133 pm for F-
has atomic radii 70.9 pm
has number of protons 9
has registry number 7782-41-4 for Chemical Abstracts System database
has density 1516 kg m-3 for liquid at 85.01 K boiling point
has density 1.696 kg m-3 for gas at 273 K
has synthesis mechanism electrolysis of molten KF·2HF
has ocean oxidation state -I
has ocean residence time 400000 years
has atomic number 9
reacts with almost everything violently
has discovery date 1886 (isolated)
has discoverer H. Moissan
has image
has critical pressure 5573 kPa
has critical temperature 144.3 K
accumulating oceanic element	has ocean concentration depth indenpendent
gaseous element	has state gas at standard temperature and pressure
halogen	has group 17
	has synonym group VII element
oceanic element	has occurrence ocean
element	is a part of Universe
particle	obeys uncertainty principle
	has frequency inversely proportional to the wavelength
	has wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum
	has charge
	has mass
physical object	has location or center of gravity
	has angular momentum
	has velocity
	has momentum
	has temperature
	has volume
	has extent
	has material

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