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physical object > natural object > particle > element > column grouped element > transition metal > manganese

manganese (Mn, 6S5/2 in ground state)
subject			fact

manganese	has symbol Mn
	has lethal intake 1715 mg kg-1 for chloride in mouse
	has reserves 3.6 × 109 tonnes (plus ocean floor nodules which are 24% Mn)
	has main mining area South Africa, Russia, Gabon, Australia, Brazil
	has mineral bixbyite, managanite, pyrolusite, rhodochrosite, rhodonite (jewelry), romanechite
	has neutron scattering length -0.373 × 10-12 cm
	has electron affinity less than 0 kJ mol-1 from Mn to Mn-
	has toxic intake slighly toxic by ingestion
	has poisson's ratio 0.24 GPa
	has bulk modulus n.a. GPa
	has rigidity modulus 79.5 GPa
	has young's modulus 191 GPa
	has mass magnetic susceptibility +1.21 × 10-7 kg-1 m3 for solid
	has electrical resistivity 185.0 × 10-8 Ω m at 298 K
	has covalent radii 117 pm
	has thermal neutron capture cross section 13.3 barns
	has longest lived isotope manganese 55
	has isotope mass range 49 to 62
	has number of isotopes 15 including nuclear isomers
	has pronunciation man-gan-eez
	has name origin magnes = magnet from Latin or magnesia nigri = black magnesia (MnO2)
	has discovery location Stockholm, Sweden
	has abundance 2.63 × 105 in Sun relative to H = 1 × 1012
	has abundance 950 p.p.m. in Earth's crust
	has abundance 1.0 × 10-4 p.p.m. in Atlantic surface seawater
	has abundance 0.96 × 10-4 p.p.m. in deep Atlantic seawater
	has abundance 1.0 × 10-4 p.p.m. in Pacific surface seawater
	has abundance 0.4 × 10-4 p.p.m. in deep Pacific seawater
	has specimen chips, flake or powder. Safe.
	has world production 6.22 × 106 tonnes year-1
	has chief source pyrolusite, romanechite (also known as psilomelane), manganite (useful but rare)
	has mass absorption coefficient 285 cm2 g-1 for CuKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has mass absorption coefficient 34.7 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has space group I-43m for α-Mn
	has crystal cell dimension a = 891.39 pm for α-Mn
	has crystal type b.c.c. for α-Mn
	has atomic emission line 257.610 nm for Mn I
	has atomic emission line 279.482 nm for Mn I (used in atom absorption spectrometry)
	has atomic emission line 279.827 nm for Mn I
	has atomic emission line 403.076 nm for Mn I (strong)
	has atomic emission line 403.307 nm for Mn I
	has atomic emission line 403.449 nm for Mn I
	has term symbol 6S5/2 in ground state
	has electron configuration [Ar]3d54s2 in ground state
	has mass of element in person 12 mg for a 70 kg average person
	has daily dietary intake 0.4 - 10 mg
	has level in humans 0.0016 - 0.075 mg dm-3 in blood
	has level in humans 0.2 - 100 p.p.m. in bone
	has level in humans 3.6 - 9.6 p.p.m. in liver
	has level in humans 0.2 - 2.3 p.p.m. in muscle
	has hazard exposure to dust or fumes should not exceed 5 mg m-3
	has hazard compounds are experimental carcinogens and teratogens
	has biological role essential to all species
	has linear expansion coefficient 22 × 10-6 K-1
	has thermal conductivity 7.82 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K
	has molar volume 7.38 cm3
	has heat capacity 26.32 J K-1 mol-1 for solid at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat capacity 20.79 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat of vaporization 219.7 kJ mol-1
	has heat of fusion 14.4 kJ mol-1
	has boiling point 2235 K
	has melting point 1517 K
	has electronegativity 1.55 Pauling
	has relative atomic mass 54.93805 in units of 12C = 12.000
has ionic radii 52 pm for Mn4+
has ionic radii 70 pm for Mn3+
has ionic radii 91 pm for Mn2+
has atomic radii 124 pm
has number of protons 25
has registry number 7439-96-5 for Chemical Abstracts System database
has density 7440 kg m-3 for α-Mn solid at 293 K
has density 6430 kg m-3 for liquid at 2235 K melting point
has ocean oxidation state II
has ocean residence time 50 years
has atomic number 25
reacts with oxygen by burning
reacts with water
reacts with dilute acids by dissolving
has discovery date 1774 (isolated)
has discoverer J.G. Gahn
has uses steel production, ceramics, feed supplements and fertilizer additives
has image
has definition hard, brittle, silvery metal
is a kind of transition metal
is a kind of chalcophile element
is a kind of scavenged oceanic element
scavenged oceanic element	has ocean concentration decreasing with depth
chalcophile element	has occurrence in sulfide minerals
column grouped element	has group a column number in the table of the elements
element	is a part of Universe
	has synonym atom
particle	obeys uncertainty principle
	has frequency inversely proportional to the wavelength
	has wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum
	has charge
	has mass
physical object	has location or center of gravity
	has angular momentum
	has velocity
	has momentum
	has temperature
	has volume
	has extent
	has material

Kinds of manganese :

• manganese 52 (11 facts) (⁵²Mn)
• manganese 53 (10 facts) (⁵³Mn)
• manganese 54 (11 facts) (⁵⁴Mn)
• manganese 55 (14 facts) (⁵⁵Mn)
• manganese 56 (10 facts) (⁵⁶Mn)

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