Astronomy   View all facts   Glossary   Help

physical object > natural object > particle > element > column grouped element > alkali metal > potassium

potassium (K, 2S1/2 in ground state, kalium from Greek)
subject			fact

potassium	has symbol K
	has lethal intake 2600 mg kg-1
	has reserves > 1 × 1010 tonnes
	has main mining area Germany, Spain, Canada, USA, Italy
	has mineral alunite, carnalite, orthoclase (mined for porcelain, ceramics and glass), sylvite
	has neutron scattering length 0.367 × 10-12 cm
	has electron affinity 48.4 kJ mol-1 from K to K-
	has toxic intake 4 g of KCl
	has poisson's ratio 0.35 GPa at 83 K
	has rigidity modulus 1.30 GPa
	has young's modulus 3.53 GPa at 83 K
	has mass magnetic susceptibility +6.7 × 10-9 kg-1 m3 for solid
	has electrical resistivity 6.15 × 10-8 Ω m at 273 K
	has van der Waals radii 231 pm
	has covalent radii 203 pm
	has thermal neutron capture cross section 2.1 barns
	has longest lived isotope potassium 39
	has isotope mass range 35 to 51
	has number of isotopes 18 including nuclear isomers
	has pronunciation poh-tass-ium
	has name origin potash from English
	has discovery location London, England
	has abundance 1.45 × 105 in Sun relative to H = 1 × 1012
	has abundance 21000 p.p.m. in Earth's crust
	has abundance 5 × 106 p.p.m. in seawater
	has specimen metal chunks (in mineral oil) or ingots. Warning!
	has world production 200 tonnes year-1 for metal form
	has world production 51 × 106 tonnes year-1 for salts
	has chief source sylvite, carnalite, alunite
	has mass absorption coefficient 143 cm2 g-1 for CuKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has mass absorption coefficient 15.8 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has space group Im3m
	has crystal cell dimension a = 533.4 pm
	has crystal type b.c.c
	has atomic emission line 404.414 nm for K I
	has atomic emission line 691.108 nm for K I
	has atomic emission line 693.877 nm for K I
	has atomic emission line 766.491 nm for K I (strong)
	has atomic emission line 769.896 nm for K I
	has term symbol 2S1/2 in ground state
	has electron configuration [Ar]4s1 in ground state
	has mass of element in person 140 g for a 70 kg average person
	has daily dietary intake 1.4 - 7.4 g
	has level in humans 1620 mg dm-3 in blood
	has level in humans 2100 p.p.m. in bone
	has level in humans 16000 p.p.m. in liver
	has level in humans 16000 p.p.m. in muscle
	has hazard excess ingestion of KCl (dietary supplement) can be fatal
	has biological role essential to all living things
	has linear expansion coefficient 83 × 10-6 K-1
	has thermal conductivity 102.4 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K
	has molar volume 45.36 cm3
	has heat capacity 29.58 J K-1 mol-1 for solid at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat capacity 20.786 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat of vaporization 77.53 kJ mol-1
	has heat of fusion 2.40 kJ mol-1
	has boiling point 1047 K
	has melting point 336.80 K
	has electronegativity 0.82 Pauling
	has relative atomic mass 39.0983 in units of 12C = 12.000
	has ionic radii 133 pm for K+
	has atomic radii 227 pm
	has number of protons 19
	has registry number 7440-09-7 for Chemical Abstracts System database
has density 862 kg m-3 for solid at 293 K
has density 828 kg m-3 for liquid at 336.80 K melting point
has synthesis mechanism combine sodium metal with potassium chloride
has ocean oxidation state I
has ocean residence time 21000 years
has symbol name origin kalium from Greek
has atomic number 19
reacts with water violently
has discovery date 1807 (isolated)
has discoverer Sir Humphry Davy
has uses compounds are used in fertilizers, chemicals and glass
has image
has definition soft white metal which is silvery when first cut but oxidizes rapidly in air
is a kind of alkali metal
is a kind of lithophile element
is a kind of accumulating oceanic element
alkali metal	has group 1
	has hardness soft
	has appearancee silvery except for francium
	has synonym group I element
accumulating oceanic element	has ocean concentration depth indenpendent
lithophile element	has occurrence in silicate materials such as igneous rocks
element	is a part of Universe
particle	obeys uncertainty principle
	has frequency inversely proportional to the wavelength
	has wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum
	has charge
	has mass
physical object	has location or center of gravity
	has angular momentum
	has velocity
	has momentum
	has temperature
	has volume
	has extent
	has material

Kinds of potassium :

• potassium 38 (10 facts) (³⁸K)
• potassium 39 (16 facts) (³⁹K)
• potassium 40 (13 facts) (⁴⁰K)
• potassium 41 (15 facts) (⁴¹K)
• potassium 42 (12 facts) (⁴²K)
• potassium 43 (11 facts) (⁴³K)
• potassium 44 (10 facts) (⁴⁴K)
• potassium 45 (10 facts) (⁴⁵K)

Next accumulating oceanic element: rubidium    Up: accumulating oceanic element, alkali metal, lithophile element    Previous accumulating oceanic element: molybdenum