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lithium (Li, 2S1/2 in ground state)
subject			fact

lithium	has symbol Li
	has stable isotope lithium 6, lithium 7
	has lethal intake 525 mg kg-1 carbonate ingested by rat
	has reserves 7.3 × 106 tonnes
	has main mining area USA, brines of Searles Lake, California
	has mineral amblygonite, lepidolite, petalite, spodumene
	has neutron scattering length -0.190 × 10-12 cm
	has electron affinity 59.6 kJ mol-1 from Li to Li-
	has toxic intake 20 - 200 g
	has poisson's ratio 0.36 GPa
	has rigidity modulus 4.24 GPa
	has young's modulus 4.91 GPa
	has mass magnetic susceptibility +2.56 × 10-8 kg-1 m3 for solid
	has electrical resistivity 8.55 × 10-8 Ω m at 273 K
	has covalent radii 123 pm
	has thermal neutron capture cross section 70.5 barns
	has longest lived isotope lithium 7
	has isotope mass range 5 to 9
	has number of isotopes 5 including nuclear isomers
	has pronunciation lith-iuhm
	has name origin lithos = stone from Greek
	has discovery location Stockholm, Sweden
	has abundance 10 in Sun relative to H = 1 × 1012
	has abundance 20 p.p.m. in Earth's crust
	has abundance 0.17 p.p.m. in seawater
	has specimen chunks, ingot, powder, ribbon, rod, shot or wire. Care !
	has world production 39000 tonnes year-1
	has chief source petalite, lepidolite
	has mass absorption coefficient 0.716 cm2 g-1 for CuKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has mass absorption coefficient 0.217 cm2 g-1 for MoKalpha X-ray diffraction
	has space group Im3m for α-Li
	has space group Fm3m for β-Li
	has crystal cell dimension a = 351.00 pm for α-Li
	has crystal cell dimension a = 437.9 pm for β-Li
	has crystal type b.c.c. for α-Li
	has crystal type f.c.c. for β-Li
	has atomic emission line 323.266 nm for Li I
	has atomic emission line 548.355 nm for Li II
	has atomic emission line 548.565 nm for Li II
	has atomic emission line 610.362 nm for Li I
	has atomic emission line 670.776 nm for Li I (strong)
	has atomic emission line 670.791 nm for Li I (strong, used in atom absorption spectrometry)
	has term symbol 2S1/2 in ground state
	has electron configuration [He]2s1 in ground state
	has mass of element in person 7 mg for a 70 kg average person
	has daily dietary intake 0.1 - 2 mg
	has level in humans 0.004 mg dm-3 in blood
	has level in humans 1.3 p.p.m. in bone
	has level in humans 0.025 p.p.m. in liver
	has level in humans 0.023 p.p.m. in muscle
	has hazard moderately toxic by ingestion but there are wide variations of tolerances.
	has biological role none; but lithium acts to stimulate metabolism and can control manic-depressive disorders
	has linear expansion coefficient 56 × 10-6 K-1
	has thermal conductivity 84.7 W m-1 K-1 at 300 K
	has molar volume 13.00 cm3
	has heat capacity 24.77 J K-1 mol-1 for solid at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat capacity 20.786 J K-1 mol-1 for gas at constant pressure 0.1 MPa at 298.15 K
	has heat of vaporization 134.7 kJ mol-1
	has heat of fusion 4.60 kJ mol-1
	has boiling point 1620 K
	has melting point 453.69 K
	has electronegativity 0.98 Pauling
	has relative atomic mass 6.941 in units of 12C = 12.000
	has ionic radii 78 pm for Li+
has atomic radii 152 pm
has number of protons 3
has registry number 7439-93-2 for Chemical Abstracts System database
has density 534 kg m-3 for solid at 293 K
has density 515 kg m-3 for liquid at 453.69 K melting point
has ocean oxidation state I
has ocean residence time 2 × 106 years
has atomic number 3
reacts with oxygen and water slowly
has discovery date 1817
has discoverer J.A. Arfvedson
has uses light-weight alloys, especially with aluminium and magnesium, greases, batteries, glass, medicine and nuclear bombs
has image
has definition Soft, silvery-white, metal. Lightest of all solid elements, third in the periodic table after hydrogen and helium. Its atom comprises one proton and three electrons. One of the electrons is at a higher energy level than the other two. Some lithium formed in the big bang, along with huge amounts of hydrogen and helium.
is a kind of light element
is a kind of alkali metal
is a kind of accumulating oceanic element
alkali metal	has group 1
	has hardness soft
	has appearancee silvery except for francium
	has synonym group I element
accumulating oceanic element	has ocean concentration depth indenpendent
element	is a part of Universe
oceanic element	has occurrence ocean
particle	obeys uncertainty principle
	has frequency inversely proportional to the wavelength
	has wavelength inversely proportional to its momentum
	has charge
	has mass
physical object	has location or center of gravity
	has angular momentum
	has velocity
	has momentum
	has temperature
	has volume
	has extent
	has material

Kinds of lithium :

• lithium 6 (15 facts) (⁶Li)
• lithium 7 (15 facts) (⁷Li)
• lithium 8 (10 facts) (⁸Li)
• lithium 9 (11 facts) (⁹Li)

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