| quantum mechanics | has applicability microscopic scales of atoms and subnuclear particles but not restricted to this |   | 
| has constraint certain quantities (e.g. energy, angular momentum, light) can only exist in certain discrete amounts, called quanta. |   | 
| has implication physical systems must be described in terms of probabilities. |   | 
| has equation Any physical system, such as an atom, may be viewed as existing as a combination of its possible states, each of which has a certain probability. |   | 
| has synonym quantum theory |   | 
| has discoverer Planck |   | 
| has definition Physics theory that explains wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle and the exclusion principle. |   | 
| is a kind of physics theory |   | 
| theory | has validity correct or incorrect with caveats |   | 
| has author or reasearch group |   | 
| has domain a field of research |   | 
| has date or a range of dates for which the theory was active |   |